This book critically examines whether post-unification Germany continues to embody the “civilian power” model—characterized by a preference for multilateralism, institutional cooperation, and a deep skepticism toward military force—or whether its foreign policy has fundamentally changed. The volume explores key themes such as Germany’s role in NATO’s eastern enlargement, its evolving European policy, participation in military operations in the Balkans, nuclear non-proliferation, and human rights. It also considers the impact of the Kosovo War and subsequent military engagements, assessing whether these represent a departure from Germany’s traditional restraint or an adaptation within the civilian power framework. The contributors analyze how domestic politics, legal constraints, and changing international expectations have influenced Germany’s foreign policy choices since the 1990s. The book finds that, while Germany has adapted its approach—especially in security and defense—it remains largely committed to multilateralism and cooperative international engagement, with changes falling short of a fundamental break from the civilian power tradition.